Metabolism of proteins (BIO)
The metabolism of proteins starts in the stomach, where various enzymes mediate the breakdown of…
rachel
Anabolism of fats (BIO)
Fatty acids are synthesized from acetyl-CoA through seven chain elongation steps, increasing by two carbons…
Ketone bodies (BC)
Ketone bodies, water-soluble molecules containing a ketone group, are produced from excess acetyl-CoA made during…
Oxidation of fatty acids
β-oxidation is the catabolic breakdown of fatty acids to produce energy; this process can completely…
Digestion, mobilization, and transport of fats
Lipases in the mouth (lingual lipase), pancreas (pancreatic lipase), and bile in the liver facilitate…
Description of fatty acids (BC)
Fatty acids are lipids that contain long-chain hydrocarbons with a carboxylic acid functional group ending.…
Initiation, termination co-factors
Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes use additional protein factors, called initiation and termination factors, to help…
Net molecular and energetic results of respiration processes
The net molecular and energetic results of the glycolysis, the conversion of pyruvate, and the…
Cyclic structure and conformations of hexoses
Monosaccharides that contain five or more carbon atoms form cyclic structures in aqueous solutions. Many…
Hydrolysis of the glycoside linkage
Glycosidic linkages are hydrolyzed, or broken, through the addition of a water molecule and a…