Fermentation (anaerobic glycolysis)
Fermentation breaks down glucose in the absence of oxygen. Fermentation is the process of reducing…
AAMC Outline
Pentose Phosphate Pathway
The pentose phosphate pathway is a metabolic pathway parallel to glycolysis to form ribose-5-phosphate, which…
DNA methylation
DNA methylation is the addition of the methyl group to cytosine and adenine nucleotides of…
Recognition of self vs. non-self, autoimmune diseases
The antigens present on the cells of the body are considered as self-antigens while the…
Transcriptional regulation
Two types of transcription factors regulate eukaryotic transcription: General transcription factors that bind to the…
Supercoiling
Supercoiling means that DNA is either under-wound (less than one turn of the helix per…
Heterochromatin vs. euchromatin
Heterochromatin is the part of the chromosome in which the DNA does not have coding…
Single copy vs. repetitive DNA
Single copy DNA has a unique sequence of DNA and codes for protein and are…
Stress Outcomes/Response To Stressors
Stress can impact an individual both mentally and physically. When presented with stress, the body…
Brønsted–Lowry Definition of Acid, Base
A compound that donates a proton to another compound is called a Brønsted-Lowry acid, and a…