Degenerate code, wobble pairing
The genetic code is degenerate, meaning that multiple codons can encode a single amino acid,…
MCAT® Outline
Mitotic structures
Mitotic structures such as the spindle apparatus and motor proteins orchestrate the movement of chromosomes…
Regulation of metabolic pathways
Metabolic pathways include the catabolic and anabolic reactions in the body needed to perform the…
mRNA processing in eukaryotes, introns, exons
In eukaryotes, transcription produces a pre-mRNA molecule that be processed into mature mRNA by the…
Loss of cell cycle controls in cancer cells
Cancer comprises many different diseases caused by a common mechanism: uncontrolled cell growth. Cancer is…
Control of cell cycle
The cell cycle is controlled by mechanisms both internal and external to the cell, and…
Growth arrest
Growth arrest or G0 is viewed as either an extended G1 phase, where the cell…
Phases of cell cycle: G0, G1, S, G2, M
The cell cycle has two major phases: interphase (G0, G1, S, G2) and the mitotic…
Muscle Structure and Control of Contraction
Skeletal muscle cells have unique physical features that facilitate their function in contraction. The smallest…
Structure of Three Basic Muscle Types
There are three forms of muscle tissue that perform a wide range of diverse functions:…